Trigger Finger Release

Trigger Finger Release

What is Trigger Finger Release?

Trigger finger release, or A1 pulley release, is a surgical procedure to treat a condition called trigger finger or stenosing tenosynovitis. A trigger finger is a condition where one of the fingers or the thumb becomes stuck in a bent position and suddenly pops back into place, resembling pulling a trigger. The condition occurs when the tendons in the finger become inflamed or thickened, making it difficult for them to move smoothly through the sheath surrounding them.  The affected tendon gets stuck under one of the pulleys that keep it in place, usually the A1 pulley.

Who is Suitable for Trigger Finger Release?

Trigger finger release is typically recommended for individuals diagnosed with trigger finger (stenosing tenosynovitis) who experience symptoms that significantly affect their daily activities and quality of life. If conservative treatments such as rest, splinting, medication, and hand therapy have not provided sufficient relief or if the condition has progressed to the point where the finger becomes locked in a bent position, trigger finger release may be considered.

What are the Benefits of Trigger Finger Release?

  • Restored Finger Function: Trigger finger release surgery aims to alleviate the restriction and locking of the affected finger, allowing for improved finger movement and functionality. 
  • Pain Relief: By releasing the constricted tendon sheath, trigger finger release surgery can relieve pain, making it easier to perform everyday activities without discomfort.
  • Improved Hand Strength and Grip: By addressing the underlying cause of the trigger finger, the surgery can enhance hand strength and grip, facilitating a more confident and functional grasp.
  • Enhanced Quality of Life: By resolving the symptoms and restoring finger function, trigger finger release surgery can greatly improve the overall quality of life, allowing individuals to engage in activities without the hindrance of finger stiffness or locking.
  • Minimal Downtime: Trigger finger release is typically performed as a day procedure, meaning patients can return home on the same day. The surgery involves a small incision, and the recovery period is usually relatively short. 


Consult an orthopaedic surgeon to determine if trigger finger release is appropriate for your condition.

What are the Types of Trigger Finger Release?

There are two main types of trigger finger release procedures: open trigger finger release and percutaneous trigger finger release. 

Open Trigger Finger Release

Open trigger finger release, also known as open-release surgery, is the traditional and most commonly performed method for trigger finger release. It involves making an incision in the palm near the base of the affected finger to access the affected tendon sheath. The surgeon carefully cuts and releases the pulley over the constricted portion of the sheath to allow the tendon to move freely. This technique visualises the affected area, allowing for precise surgical manipulation. After the procedure, the incision is closed with sutures, and a bandage is applied to protect the finger during the initial healing phase.

Percutaneous Trigger Finger Release

Percutaneous trigger finger release, also referred to as needle release or percutaneous release surgery, is a minimally invasive alternative to open trigger finger release. In this technique, the surgeon uses a needle to penetrate the skin near the base of the affected finger. The needle is then used to divide the constricted portion of the tendon sheath, allowing the tendon to move freely. This method avoids a traditional incision and typically requires only a local anaesthetic. Percutaneous trigger finger release may result in a smaller scar and faster recovery than open-release surgery.


Both open and percutaneous trigger finger release procedures effectively alleviate symptoms and restore finger function. The decision regarding which technique to pursue should be made in consultation with your surgeon based on their assessment of your condition.

Alternative Options to Trigger Finger Release

Before considering trigger finger release surgery, conservative treatment options are often explored. These alternatives may be recommended initially or attempted if the symptoms are not severe or significantly impacting daily activities. Some alternative options include:

  • Rest and Activity Modification
  • Splinting
  • Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or corticosteroid injections 
  • Hand Therapy


These alternative options may not provide long-term relief for more severe cases of trigger fingers. Trigger finger release surgery may be recommended if conservative treatments fail to alleviate symptoms or the condition worsens.

What to do Before Trigger Finger Release?

Before undergoing trigger finger release surgery, it is important to follow these steps:

  • Schedule an appointment with an orthopaedic surgeon to evaluate your condition, review your medical history, and conduct a physical examination. They will determine if trigger finger release is an appropriate treatment option for you.
  • Discuss the surgical procedure, potential risks, benefits, and expected outcomes with your surgeon. Ensure that you understand the details of the procedure and any potential complications. Provide informed consent before proceeding with the surgery.
  • Inform your surgeon about your medications, supplements, or herbal remedies. They will provide guidance on which medications to continue or temporarily discontinue before the surgery.
  • Follow any preoperative instructions provided by your surgeon. This may include guidelines on fasting before surgery, medication management, and any necessary diagnostic tests.
  • Plan for post-surgical care and arrange for someone to accompany you to and from the surgical facility and assist you during the initial recovery period if needed.


By following these steps and maintaining open communication with your surgeon, you can prepare adequately for trigger finger release surgery and increase the chances of a successful outcome.

Trigger Finger Release Procedure

Several key steps are involved during a trigger finger release procedure, whether it is an open or percutaneous technique. Here's an overview of what typically happens during a trigger finger release:

  • Anaesthesia: Before the procedure begins, you will receive anaesthesia to ensure a pain-free experience. Local anaesthesia is commonly used, which numbs the area around the affected finger or thumb.
  • Incision or Needle Insertion: For open trigger finger release, the surgeon makes an incision in the palm near the base of the affected finger. Alternatively, a needle is inserted near the base of the affected finger for percutaneous trigger finger release. The choice of technique depends on the surgeon's preference and the specific details of your condition.
  • Pulley Release: The surgeon carefully locates the constricted portion of the tendon sheath, causing the finger to become stuck or locked. The surgeon divides the pulley over the constricted portion of the tendon sheath using surgical instruments or a needle. This procedure allows the tendon to move freely without any obstruction.
  • Nodule Removal (if necessary): If any nodules or swelling are present in the tendon sheath, the surgeon may remove them during the procedure to further facilitate smooth tendon movement.
  • Wound Closure and Dressing: After the necessary release and additional procedures are performed, the incision (in open release) is closed with sutures. A dressing protects the surgical site.

What to Expect After a Trigger Finger Release?

Following the procedure, you will be monitored in a recovery area. Once you are stable and alert and no complications are observed, you will be discharged to go home the same day.

Trigger Finger Release Recovery Plan

A comprehensive recovery plan is crucial after a trigger finger release surgery to promote healing, minimise complications, and restore optimal hand function. While every individual's recovery may vary, here is a general outline of a trigger finger release recovery plan:

Postoperative Care

  • Follow your surgeon's instructions regarding wound care, including keeping the incision site clean and dry.
  • Take simple painkillers as needed.
  • Apply ice packs to reduce swelling and alleviate discomfort.

Hand and Finger Movements

  • Begin performing gentle finger movements and exercises as guided by your surgeon or a hand therapist.
  • Gradually increase the intensity of your finger exercises and range of motion as advised.
  • Avoid excessive force, and stop any exercise that causes pain or discomfort.

Hand Therapy and Rehabilitation

  • Depending on your surgeon's recommendation, attend scheduled hand therapy sessions to facilitate recovery.
  • Hand therapy may involve specialised exercises, stretching, and techniques to improve finger mobility, strength, and function.
  • Comply with the therapist's instructions and perform any prescribed home exercises regularly.

Gradual Return to Activities

  • Gradually resume normal daily activities, including work, recreational pursuits, and household chores, as guided by your surgeon or hand therapist.
  • Start with lighter tasks and gradually increase the intensity and duration of activities over time.

Follow-up Appointments

  • Attend all scheduled follow-up appointments with your surgeon and hand therapist to monitor your progress and assess the healing process.
  • Communicate any concerns, complications, or persistent symptoms during these follow-up visits.

Trigger Finger Release Prognosis

The prognosis for trigger finger release surgery is generally positive. The procedure is usually effective in alleviating symptoms and restoring normal finger function. 


In most cases, trigger finger release surgery relieves symptoms such as finger stiffness, locking, and pain. Recovery time can vary, but many individuals experience improvement within a few days to a few weeks. Full recovery and optimal finger function may take several weeks to several months.

Trigger Finger Release Risks and Complications

While trigger finger release surgery is generally safe and well-tolerated, as with any surgical procedure, there are potential risks and complications.  Potential complications may include infection, bleeding, nerve injury, or recurrence of trigger finger symptoms. Following your surgeon's postoperative instructions, attend follow-up appointments and promptly report any concerns or complications.


Consult with your orthopaedic surgeon to discuss your condition, prognosis, and potential trigger finger release surgery risks. They will provide personalised guidance based on your unique circumstances and help manage your expectations regarding the recovery process.

What if Trigger Finger Release is Delayed?

Trigger finger symptoms can worsen if left untreated, especially if the condition is caused by underlying inflammation or structural changes in the tendon sheath. Delaying surgery may result in increased pain, finger stiffness, and difficulty performing daily activities.


Consult an orthopaedic surgeon to determine the most appropriate timing for trigger finger release based on the severity of your symptoms, overall hand function, and potential risk factors.

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